European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA: A GESTATIONAL ENIGMA

Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu*, Frances Ugonne Ogunnaya, Getrude Uzoma Obeagu and Adike Calista Ndidi

ABSTRACT

Red blood cells, which carry oxygen to every part of the body, are affected by sickle cell anemia, one of the categories of inherited diseases known as sickle cell disease. A homozygous mutation (hemoglobin S) is the cause of sickle cell anemia (SCA), which manifests as chronic anemia and painful episodes. A group of genetic disorders known as sickle cell disease include sickle cell anemia (SS), sickle hemoglobin C disease (SC), sickle beta thalassemia plus (S+ Thal), sickle beta thalassemia zero (S0 Thal), sickle with alpha thalassemia (SSThal), and uncommon combinations of sickle hemoglobin with Hb D, Hb O, etc. The most prevalent inherited condition in the world is sickle cell disease (SCD). It is estimated that 20 000 babies in Uganda are born with sickle cell disease each year, but precise statistics are lacking. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a fatal genetic disorder that increases the risk of high-risk pregnancies for both the mother and the fetus. Before attempting conception, a person with the sickle cell trait may want to consult with a genetic counselor to better understand the possibility of passing on the trait to a future offspring. Afterward, a genetic counselor can discuss potential cures, safeguards, and options for conception. Pregnant women with sickle cell anemia can do so normally. To lessen the likelihood of complications, it is crucial to consult the doctor about pregnancy plans well in advance. Early testing for sickle cell disease should be made available to expectant mothers where there is a high risk that the baby will develop the condition.

Keywords: Pregnancy, sickle cell anaemia, crisis, red cells, haemoglobin.