European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN IN NORMAL HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES MELLITUS- A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Shabir-Ud-Din Lone, Sheikh Imran Syed, Qazi Danish and Hilal Ahmad Wani*

ABSTRACT

Glycated hemoglobin is produced by non-enzymatic condensation of glucose molecules with free amino groups on the globin component of hemoglobin and the major form of glycated hemoglobin is termed hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), which normally comprise only 4-6% of total hemoglobin. In the presence of hyperglycemia, the process of glycation may also contribute to the pathogenesis of disease through accumulation of advanced glycosylation end-products (AGE) which may adversely affect vascular and neural function. The serum level of AGEs correlates with the level of glycemia and these products accumulate as glomerular filtration rate declines. A total of 200 normal subjects were taken. Body mass index was calculated by Quetelet's Index and waist-hip ratio was taken in percent. Dietary history along with physical status of the body was taken and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was estimated. The overall mean HbA1c value was found to be 7.26 ± 1.41. In case of males, the mean HbA1c value was 7.28 ± 1.38 and in females it was 7.04 ± 1.4. As age increased from one decade to another, statistically no significant effect was seen on glycosylation of haemoglobin. As WHR increased from 0.8 to 1 (which interprets abdominal obesity), the glycosylation of haemoglobin also increased. Statistically significant (P< 0.05) relationship between place of residence and glycosylation of haemoglobin was observed among the subjects of urban background as compared to subjects of rural background. A significant relationship was observed in subjects who consumed > 2501 calories/day and had positive family history of diabetes mellitus with glycosylation of haemoglobin. Statistically significant relationship existed between intake of alcohol and glycosylation of haemoglobin with positive family history of diabetes mellitus. Smoking also had significant effect on glycosylation of haemoglobin (P< 0.05). Highly significant relationship was observed in smokers with family history of diabetes mellitus. Non significant relationship was found between physical activity level and glycosylation of haemoglobin in subjects with or without family history of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Glycosylated Hemoglobin, HbA1c, Hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus.